The open, short and load standards in the calibration kit must all have a mathematical model of them. For the load this is very simple - a 50 Ω resistor is assumed. The load must be a high quality, having a high return loss throughout the frequency range of the kit.
The opens and shorts are quite different. Each will be considered to have a transmission line will have some length L, typically of the order of a few mm, which causes a delay dT typically of the order of a few 10s of ps. A short will be terminated in an inductor, although the inductance of that is usually negligible. The open will be terminated in a capacitance due to the fringe capacitance, of the order of 100 fF. This fringe capacitance can not be ignored, and neither can it be considered independant of frequency. The capacitance is normally represented by a 3rd order polynomial as a function of frequency. HP, Agilent, Keysight and Copper Mountain all use the following definition
Cfringing=C0x10-15 + C1x10-27f + C2x10-36f2+C3x10-45f3
Rohde and Schwarz, Anritsu don't specifiy a delay of the standard, but a length. Care needs to be taken to be sure the units are correct. One of Kirkby Microwave's customers assumed the VNA wanted an offset length in mm, whereas actually the VNA was expecting the value in metres. Needless to say, having it 1000x wrong causes problems.
Where possible Kirkby Microwave supply files which allow the easy uploading of the coefficients for our kits into VNA. Unfortunately this is not possible with every VNA, either because the VNA does not support this, or we don't have the hardware that enables us to write the files. You will find files for a number of kits, and a number of VNA here:
However, here is the data on specific kits, which will allow you to enter the data, even if we don't have a file, or if you prefer to do it manually.
Type | C0 | C1 | C2 | C3 | Fixed or sliding | Delay(ps) | Zo(Ω) | Loss(G Ω/s) | Fmin (GHz) | Fmax (GHz) | Coax or waveguide | Standard |
Female short | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-delay-female-short.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 65 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-delay-female-short.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 65 |
50 | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-female-short.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 69 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-female-short.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 69 |
0 | 999 | Coax | SHORT(M) | |||||
Female open | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C0-female-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 79 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C0-female-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 79 |
Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C1-female-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 82 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C1-female-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 82 |
Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C2-female-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 85 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C2-female-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 85 |
Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C3-female-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 88 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C3-female-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 88 |
Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-delay-female-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 92 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-delay-female-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 92 |
50 | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-female-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 96 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-female-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 96 |
0 | 999 | Coax | OPEN(M) | |
Load | Fixed | 0 | 50 | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-female-load.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 113 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-female-load.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 113 |
0 | 999 | Coax | Broadband | ||||
Delay/thru | 0 | 50 | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-thru.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 130 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-thru.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 130 |
0 | 999 | Coax | Thru | |||||
Male short | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-delay-male-short.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 145 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-delay-male-short.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 145 |
50 | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-male-short.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 149 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-male-short.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 149 |
0 | 999 | Coax | SHORT(F) | |||||
Male open | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C0-male-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 159 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C0-male-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 159 |
Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C1-male-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 162 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C1-male-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 162 |
Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C2-male-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 165 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C2-male-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 165 |
Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C3-male-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 168 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-C3-male-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 168 |
Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-delay-male-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 172 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-delay-male-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 172 |
50 | Warning: include(http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-male-open.txt) [function.include]: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 176 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening 'http://www.kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/support/85033/coefficients/85033-loss-male-open.txt' for inclusion (include_path='.:/usr/local/php52/share/pear:/usr/local/php52/share/php') in /websites/123reg/LinuxPackage23/vn/ac/al/vnacalibration.co.uk/public_html/other-sites/kirkbymicrowave.co.uk/FAQ/What-are-the-calibration-kit-coefficients/index.php on line 176 |
0 | 999 | Coax | OPEN(F) |
L0=L1=L2=L3=0.